Francis Moreau born in 1940, she was largely inspired by the 1960s growing up. The universal impact of the 1960s was truly sensational across the globe. Representative of a time stirring both hope and anger, the 1960s prompted an outburst of new philosophies and movements, truly sensational and spectacular. Historically established in the context of the Cold War, which would have a highly influential impact worldwide, largely defined by the Iron Curtain dividing Europe both physically and spiritually, and drastically marked by the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961. The 1960s re-defined all pre-existing assumptions on gender, race and justice, questioned education as well as morality and selfhood – for instance through the civil rights movement and second wave of feminism, as well as student political uprisings. The incredible boom of mass consumerism also defined the era, generating new trends in marketing and advertising. Minimalism established the crucial idea that art should exist in its own reality, and not try to represent the physical world. Born of a desire to obliterate all pre-established notions about art, Minimalism became a radically progressive movement, highly influential worldwide, with artists such as Frank Stella, Donald Judd and Dan Flavin as key actors. Morris Louis, Kenneth Noland and Helen Frankenthaler were artists who sought to delve into some of the most fundamental philosophies of Abstract Expressionism, while eliminating the expressive and highly personal aspect it would usually entail with it. This led to the creation of Colour Field painting, deeply relating to Minimalism. The iconic contemporary art movements that echoed through the wave of radicalism of the 1960s also had their own distinctions and scopes, particular to different areas or countries. Spatialism, for example, was established in Italy by Lucio Fontana and Piero Manzoni, and its ideologies embraced by the Zero group in Germany. Throughout Europe, the philosophy of Existentialism deeply influenced artists like Francis Bacon and Alberto Giacometti, who sought to depict the raw human emotions often associated with reflections on death and the lingering anxiety of the meaninglessness of life.