The Greek Civil War, which unfolded from 1946 to 1949, emerged shortly after World War II. It consisted of a communist-dominated uprising against the established government of the Kingdom of Greece. The opposition declared a people’s republic, the Provisional Democratic Government of Greece, governed by the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) and its military branch, the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE). The rebels received support from Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. With backing from the United Kingdom and the United States, the Greek government forces ultimately prevailed. The war had its roots in divisions within Greece during World War II, pitting the communist-dominated left-wing resistance organization, the EAM-ELAS, against loosely-allied anti-communist resistance forces. Although the conflict resulted in significant casualties and displacement, the Kingdom of Greece emerged victorious, solidifying its alignment with the Western system. This marked one of the first turning points in global power dynamics, with the United States and the Soviet Union establishing their roles as superpowers.